基于谷氨酸棒状杆菌的茶氨酸生物合成工程菌构建

将茶树谷氨酰胺合成酶基因（CsGS1;3,GenBank登录号AB117934.1）克隆,并与穿梭表达载体pZ8-1连接,将重组质粒通过电转法转到谷氨酸棒状杆菌ATCC 13032感受态细胞,构建了谷氨酸棒状杆菌重组菌株Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13022/pZ8-CsGS1;3。再将成功构建的该重组菌株经异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷（IPTG）在30℃下诱导4 h后,进行体外酶活反应。反应产物用薄层层析（TLC）检测发现有产物茶氨酸生成,经液相色谱三重四级杆串联色谱仪（LC-MS）进一步检测确定其合成产物为茶氨酸。     

谷氨酸棒杆菌麦芽寡糖基海藻糖合成酶基因的克隆与表达

采用PCR方法从谷氨酸棒杆菌（Corynebacterium glutamicum）基因组中分离得到2.4 kb的麦芽寡糖基     

异柠檬酸裂解酶抑制剂对L-谷氨酸合成的影响

[目的]研究琥珀酸和苹果酸对L-谷氨酸合成的影响。[方法]以谷氨酸棒杆菌的典型茵株Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032为供试菌株,研究琥珀酸和苹果酸对细胞生长、L-谷氨酸的合成、发酵液中的残糖量以及细胞中异柠檬酸裂解酶活性的影响。[结果]琥珀酸对异柠檬酸裂解酶的活性具有部分抑制作用。在0-5．0g／L范围内,琥珀酸的添加提高了L-谷氨酸发酵的糖酸转化率,细胞生长和L-谷氨酸分泌受到抑制,残糖量增大。苹果酸的添加降低了异柠檬酸裂解酶的活性和L-谷氨酸的产量,残糖量和细胞生长没有明显的规律性变化。同时添加琥珀酸和苹果酸各2．0g/L时,异柠檬酸裂解酶的活性和细胞生长都有所下降,L-谷氨酸的产量和残糖量没有明显变化。[结论]添加琥珀酸增加了L-谷氨酸的产量,添加苹果酸则降低了L-谷氨酸的产量。     

广西黑山羊伪结核棒状杆菌的分离与鉴定

从广西某养殖户发病黑山羊的脓肿脓汁中分离获得1株无荚膜、不形成芽孢的革兰氏阳性球杆菌,该菌在含血液或血清的琼脂培养基上,可生长成直径1 mm左右、干燥、中央凸起、不透明呈灰白色、边缘不整齐、伴有β溶血环的菌落,而在普通培养基上生长不良,在麦康凯琼脂培养基上不能生长。经生化试验、PCR鉴定及测序分析,证实该菌为伪结核棒状杆菌,动物试验证实该菌为致病菌。最后根据药敏试验结果选择敏感抗生素对发病黑山羊进行治疗,并提出综合防控措施。     

Corynebacterium pyrogenes; a biochemical and serological study

The study comprises 136 strains of Corynebacterium pyogenes originating from cattle (105), swine (20), sheep (1), and insects (10). For comparison 2 strains of human origin and 1 strain of Gorynebacterium hemolyticum were examined.One of the bovine strains was atypical, being gelatinase-negative, otherwise the strains of Cb. pyogenes were found to be biochemically identical apart from minor deviations in fermentation patterns (Table 1). Neither were antigenic differences demonstrated (gel diffusion analyses, Figs. 1 and 2).Both of the human strains agreed biochemically with Cb. pyogenes (Table 1). By gel diffusion cross analyses one of them was found to be identical with Cb. pyogenes, the other not, though anti-genically related to it (Fig. 2).Gb. hemolyticum deviated biochemically as well as serologically from Gb. pyogenes, but the 2 organisms shared antigenic determinants (Fig. 3).     

Resistance to Corynebacterium michiganense in tomato genotypes

Summary The highest level of resistance to Corynebacterium michiganense was found in Irat L3 and Okitsu Sozai 1–20. Resistance was partial and symptomless plants proved to be carriers of the disease. The resistance is at least partially based on a diminished multiplication of the pathogen in the host plant.     

Recent observations on leafy gall in Liliaceae and some other families

Corynebacterium fascians, which causes leafy gall, has been shown to be responsible for the unusual symptoms recently found in lilies. The symptoms are described and the different bacterial isolates compared by biochemical, serological and pathogenicity experiments. No evidence could be found for the existence of specialized strains even though considerable variation in virulence could be demonstrated. Although the role of variation in susceptibility of the different lily cultivars should not be underestimated, it would appear that high inoculum levels ofC. fascians in the soil may be largely responsible for these outbreaks.Also included in this study are the results of biochemical, serological and pathogenicity experiments ofC. fascians which has been isolated fromKalanchoe, Euphorbia, Brodiaea, Hebe andVerbascum.Samenvatting Reeds een aantal jaren was in lelies een woekering in stengelbollen bekend, die echter sporadisch voorkwam en economisch van weinig betekenis was. Tijdens de zomer van 1977 echter trad de ziekte op één enkel perceel zo ernstig op dat zeer aanzienlijke oogstderving het gevolg was. Behalve de stengelbol kan ook de hoofdbol misvormd zijn. Bovendien kunnen misvormde stengelbollen lange spruiten vormen, zgn. sabeltandvorming. Soms is het wortelstelsel gereduceerd; in de kas zijn verdikte stengels waargenomen. De ziekte staat nu bekend onder de naam woekerziekte.Door de PD te Wageningen en het LBO te Lisse werd de bacterieCorynebacterium fascians (Tilford) Dows. uit het zieke materiaal geïsoleerd. In gezamenlijk onderzoek werd nagegaan of de bacterie de veroorzaker is van bovengenoemde symptomen en of hier sprake is van een op lelie gespecialiseerde stam.Biochemische en serologische vergelijkingen tussen isolaten vanC. fascians uit lelie,Kalanchoe, Euphorbia, Brodiaeea, Hebe enVerbascum laten zien dat er zeer weinig verschillen bestaan. Alle isolaten reageren op een standaard antiserum met titers variërend tussen 1: 640–1: 5120.Een oriënterende inoculatieproef werd uitgevoerd op het LBO in 1977. Daarna werden op de PD 10 van de 25 isolaten uit lelie en 8 uit andere waardplanten getoetst op lelie, chrysant en lathyrus. Uit de inoculatieproeven blijkt, dat de bacterie de veroorzaker is van de waargenomen symptomen. Tussen de isolaten blijkt een groot verschil in pathogeniteit te bestaan (12–100% aantasting), zonder dat dit aan herkomst gebonden is. Het voorkomen van op lelie of andere waardplanten gespecialiseerde stammen is daarom niet aan te nemen.In hoeverre de hevige aantasting een gevolg is van een opbouw van de bacterie-populatie door een te nauwe vruchtwisseling en mechanische rooimethoden moet worden nagegaan.     

Induction of interferon production in mice by delipidated whole cells and fractions of the aerobic corynebacterium, Corynebacterium catarrhalis

The i.v. or i.p. injection of delipidated whole cells of an aerobic Corynebacterium, designated as C. catarrahalis, resulted in the production of a low titre of interferon in mice. Two fractions, a particulate fraction, designated as CBA p40, and a soluble fraction, designated as CBA LS, could be isolated from the delipidated whole cells and were found to lead to the formation of more or less high interferon levels according to the route of administration. Furthermore, the CBA p40 fraction, when injected i.p., elicited the production of a maximum titre of interferon at the 24th hour (viral-like interferon).     

Corynebacterium equi: An interhost review with emphasis on the foal

A review of the recent and/or significant literature concerning Corynebacterium equi, including its morphologic, biochemical, immunological, and pathological characteristics in the foal, humans and other animals is presented. The similarity in the tissue responses of mammalian hosts to C. equi and Mycobacterium spp. is discussed.

The antigenic structure and virulence factors associated with C. equi. other corynebacteria and mycobacteria are compared.

The immunological aspects of resistance to C. equi are considered. The evidence suggests that the major immune response elicited in the foal by C. equi is cell-mediated. However, the immunopathogenic mechanism needs clarification. Areas of future research are suggested.     

In Planta - Complementation of Clavibacter Michiganensis Subsp. sepedonicus Strains Deficient in Cellulase Production or HR Induction Restores Virulence

Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus, a Gram positive bacterium that causes bacterial ring rot of potato, was studied in eggplant, an alternate host, using strains that differed in phenotype. Two factors affecting virulence, the ability to induce a hypersensitive response (HR) and cellulase production, were studied. A plasmid-free isolate of C. michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus that causes HR on tobacco but is unable to produce cellulase multiplied efficiently in planta, but caused only weak symptoms. In contrast, a strain that is unable to induce HR on tobacco but produces cellulase was impaired in the ability to multiply in the host and caused no symptoms. When the two non-virulent strains were coinoculated into eggplants, typical disease symptoms developed. This enhancement was not due to formation of a new phenotype or significant increases in population density of either of the strains. Our results suggest that both cellulase production and the ability to induce HR are required for a successful infection process and disease induction by C. michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus. Our results additionally suggest that the ability to induce HR on non-host plants is required for multiplication in the host plant, whereas cellulase expression is necessary for induction of disease symptoms.